418 papers
Cell biology is the study of life at its most fundamental unit: the cell. This field explores how these microscopic building blocks function, communicate, and replicate to sustain living organisms, from the simplest bacteria to complex human tissues. By understanding the machinery inside a cell, scientists unlock secrets about growth, disease, and the very nature of existence itself.
At Gist.Science, we track every new preprint uploaded to bioRxiv within this dynamic category. Our team processes each submission to provide both accessible plain-language explanations and detailed technical summaries, ensuring you can grasp complex discoveries without getting lost in dense jargon. Below are the latest papers in cell biology, offering a fresh look at the inner workings of life as they are shared with the world.
This study demonstrates that membrane lipid composition and endocytosis facilitate the dissociation of the lipid-modified Wingless ligand from its carrier Wntless at the apical surface, preventing aggregation and enabling its subsequent trafficking to the basolateral membrane for gradient formation.
This study establishes MTCH2 as the defining member of a conserved mitochondrial outer membrane insertase family, revealing through cryo-EM and mutational analysis that its unique structure—featuring a lipid-accessible groove formed by the loss of a transmembrane helix—enables a universal mechanism for protein insertion across all kingdoms of life.
Using novel single-molecule imaging techniques, this study reveals that soluble poly(glycine-arginine) peptides from C9ORF72 mutations disrupt nuclear export and alter the structural organization of the nuclear pore complex, thereby initiating TDP-43 proteinopathy in ALS and FTD.
This study identifies IXA4 as the first pharmacologic inhibitor of SLC33A1, demonstrating that its binding to the transporter disrupts ER glutathione homeostasis to induce adaptive IRE1/XBP1s signaling and selectively kill KEAP1-deficient lung adenocarcinoma cells.
This study demonstrates that distinct adenovirus mutants differentially activate dsRNA sensors to drive the assembly of unique ribonucleoprotein condensates—PKR-dependent stress granules or PKR-independent RNase L-dependent bodies—revealing novel pathways linking viral RNA sensing to translational control and granule formation.
This study demonstrates that physiologically relevant febrile heat stress enhances the cytoadhesion of *Plasmodium falciparum*-infected red blood cells by accelerating the trafficking and phosphorylation of virulence proteins like PfEMP1 to the cell surface without altering overall protein expression or parasite development.
This study demonstrates that culturing ex vivo bovine osteochondral-synovial co-cultures in high-glucose medium under physioxic oxygen conditions significantly improves cell viability and stabilizes molecular outcomes, thereby establishing a standardized model for investigating joint-related diseases.
By optimizing human lung slices, researchers discovered that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is driven by alveolar type 2 cells trapped in a biophysically dysfunctional, migratory transition state caused by imbalanced developmental repair programs, specifically linking persistent -catenin activation to long-term tissue remodeling.
Calorie restriction delays the onset of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by inducing a post-mitotic, PD-L1-high beta cell state that remodels the islet microenvironment into a pro-tolerogenic state, thereby reducing immune-mediated beta cell destruction.
This study reports the first detection of histone H3 Ser10 phosphorylation in *Trypanosoma cruzi*, demonstrating that this novel epigenetic mark is exclusively present in replicative stages and peaks during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.